India Welcomes Key Outcomes at UNFCCC CoP30; Reaffirms Commitment to Equity, Climate Justice and Global Solidarity

India has welcomed several major decisions adopted at the UNFCCC CoP30 in Belém, Brazil, reaffirming its steadfast commitment to equity, climate justice, and a rules-based global climate regime. Delivering its High-Level Statement at the Closing Plenary on 22 November 2025, India praised the inclusive leadership of the CoP30 Presidency and its balanced approach grounded in the Brazilian spirit of Mutirão.

Climate Finance: Fulfil Promises Made in Rio

A central theme of India’s address was the long-standing obligation of developed countries to provide climate finance. Acknowledging the Presidency’s efforts in foregrounding this issue, India expressed hope that commitments made 33 years ago at the Rio Earth Summit will finally be honoured.

India lauded the support extended by the Presidency in initiating discussions focused on Article 9.1 of the Paris Agreement, which mandates financial assistance from developed countries. The statement noted that the first steps taken in Belém provide a much-needed direction towards fulfilling these historic promises.

Strong Support for Global Goal on Adaptation

India welcomed the progress achieved under the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA), underscoring that the decision reflects the pressing adaptation needs of developing countries. The country reiterated that adaptation efforts must be rooted in equity, acknowledging the disproportionate vulnerabilities faced by the Global South.

Just Transition Mechanism: A Milestone Decision

India expressed satisfaction with the establishment of the Just Transition Mechanism, calling it a “significant milestone” in global climate governance. The mechanism, it said, holds the potential to operationalize equity and climate justice at both international and national levels, ensuring that the shift to low-carbon pathways is fair and inclusive.

Concerns Over Unilateral Trade-restrictive Climate Measures

In a notable intervention, India thanked the Presidency for enabling discussions on unilateral, trade-restrictive climate measures. India cautioned that such measures are increasingly impacting developing countries and violate the core principles of equity and Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) under the Convention and the Paris Agreement.

“These issues can no longer be brushed under the carpet,” the statement emphasized, noting that CoP30 has made an important beginning toward reversing this trend.

Protecting the Vulnerable: No Burden on Those Least Responsible

Reiterating its principled stance on equitable climate action, India stressed that the burden of climate mitigation must not fall on countries or populations that have contributed the least to global emissions. The Statement called for strengthened global support to vulnerable communities—predominantly located in the developing world—to help them cope with escalating climate impacts.

India’s Commitment to a Rules-based and Sovereignty-respecting Global Order

India reaffirmed its unwavering commitment to science-based, equitable, and nationally determined climate action, anchored in a global order that respects sovereignty and fairness. It reiterated that climate ambition must remain inclusive, just, and reflective of national circumstances.

A Call for Collective Effort

Concluding its address, India extended gratitude to the Brazilian Presidency and the international community, calling for collective resolve to ensure that “the road from Belém leads to a future defined by fairness, solidarity, and shared prosperity for all.”