Bihar Emerges As National Leader In Free Medicine Supply: 10-Fold Growth In 20 Years

Once infamous for its crumbling healthcare infrastructure, Bihar has transformed itself into a model state in public health, particularly in the field of free drug distribution. With the supply and distribution of medicines witnessing a tenfold increase over the last 20 years, Bihar now provides 611 types of medicines free of cost in government hospitals — the highest in the country.

This transformation began in 2005 under the leadership of Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, with a pivotal boost on July 1, 2006, when the state’s Free Drug Policy was formally launched. From just 47 medicines initially, the list has expanded exponentially, now including medicines for critical conditions like cancer, cardiac diseases, asthma, arthritis, and more.

10 Times Increase in 5 Years

According to the Health Department, the state’s expenditure on free medicines has soared from modest beginnings to ₹762 crore in FY 2024–25, with projections indicating a jump to ₹1100 crore in FY 2025–26. This growth reflects both the increasing demand and the state’s commitment to healthcare access for all.

National Recognition via DVDMS

The DVDMS (Drugs and Vaccine Distribution Management System) portal of the Central Government has ranked Bihar number one in drug supply and distribution for five consecutive months, underlining the success of its health reforms.

A Major Relief for the Poor

Before the policy’s implementation, patients, especially the underprivileged, had to rely on private pharmacies for expensive, often life-saving drugs. Now, with medicines available free of cost within government hospitals, the financial burden on families has significantly reduced.

Steady Expansion of the Drug List

• 2006: 47 medicines

• 2008: 33 for OPD, 112 for IPD

• 2023: 611 medicines, 132 consumables/devices

This robust availability ensures that every patient visiting a government hospital is given appropriate and essential medication.

Bihar’s success in drug supply and healthcare reform presents a powerful example of governance-driven transformation. As the state continues to invest in healthcare, the lives of millions — particularly the poor — have been uplifted, marking a new era of accessible and affordable public health services.